Sociology and Bathing Suits Free Essays

April 02, 2013 2. For what reason are the three young ladies strange in the AP? How do the various people in the shop respond to them? The three young ladies are strange in the AP in light of the fact that they are wearing swimsuits in a town that is five miles from a sea shore. The AP is situated in the focal point of a humble community almost two banks, a congregational church, the paper store, three land workplaces, and dozen freeloaders destroying one of the town avenues. We will compose a custom exposition test on Human science and Bathing Suits or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Numerous individuals in the town have never at any point been to the sea shore so it is exceptionally extraordinary to see individuals strolling around in swimming outfits. Most ladies in the town as a rule wear shirts and shorts when strolling outside. The young ladies are put very strange when deciding to wear the swimsuits. The individuals at the shop responded contrastingly when seeing the young ladies in their swimming outfits. The most well known response the young ladies got were from folks. Huge numbers of the laborers and folks continued gazing at the young ladies since they were youthful, provocative, and in swimsuits. The other sort of response the young ladies got were from â€Å"sheep† and â€Å"houseslaves†. They immediately looked at the young ladies and returned to their shopping with stun. They didn’t know whether what they saw was genuine. The young ladies astounded a considerable lot of the individuals at the shop. 3. How does Updike advise us regarding the distinction in social class between the agent and the young ladies? What job does this distinction play in the occasions and the importance of the story? All through the story Updike advises us regarding the distinction in social class between the representative and the young ladies. Updike shows the young ladies to be certain, autonomous just as explicitly amazing. Then again Updike represents the assistant to be juvenile, and discourteous. Sammy is seen to be stuck in the realm of AP, which is loaded up with rules and guidelines. The young ladies are seen to be stuck in a universe of opportunity and decision. Toward the finish of the story the agent perceives how unique the young ladies and him are in social class. He envisions Queenie with her family drinking mixed drink, eating herring snacks with white coats, and he sees his family drinking lemonade and modest brew. The distinction in social class causes the agent to understand that there is something else entirely to life than being stuck in a shop for his entire life. Survey the young ladies and the kind of social class they are in causes the agent to push advance and accomplish more with his life. His first step in quite a while new objective is stopping AP. The most effective method to refer to Sociology and Bathing Suits, Papers

AP Dashanchurna Essay Example for Free

AP Dashanchurna Essay Working since 1912, Ayurvedia Pharmacy is one of the most seasoned working drug stores in Bangladesh. In spite of its long life, it has neglected to make its imprint as one of the conspicuous organizations in this nation. It has a scope of more than 100 items yet just four of these are noticeable. Indeed, even among these four, some are floundering and losing ground to new participants. AP Dashanchurna (white toothpowder) is one of these items. AP Dashanchurna has been around for an exceptionally lengthy timespan, yet it picked up prominence after the present proprietors assumed control over the organization from the legislature in the year 1979. It picked up the embodiment of fame in the years 1990-95 when this name was a commonly recognized name. Remorsefully, AP Dashanchurna has not had the option to clutch its brilliance. AP Dashanchurna is currently a losing concern. The organization has clutched this item just in light of the fact that it has been one of the lead brands of the organization for quite a while. The issue with AP Dashanchurna is that it has neglected to profit by its long life and popularity. Meanwhile, items like Magic Toothpowder, Colgate Toothpowder, Shakti Majan and so on have increased noteworthy solid footing in the market. These organizations adopt an increasingly organized strategy to recognizing the objective market and have altogether better promoting correspondence. AP Dashanshurna has fizzled on the grounds that it has not offset its advertising correspondence with the objective market and thus lost clients. It additionally neglected to utilize its central quality, the natural cosmetics of the items. AP Dashanchurna is propelling another crusade with an end goal to revive the item. They are getting changes the bundling, going for TV ads and paper notices. They don't attempt any exercises to discover purchaser bits of knowledge, and promoting interchanges depend just on hunch of the advertisers. A lot of suggestions have been proposed for AP Dashanchurna. Our suggested promoting effort is centered around its significant objective market and its recognition in the market. The entire promoting blend has been redesigned and another advertising blend has been proposed for AP Dashanchurna. It is normal that this advertising blend will help reclaim the product’s worth and observation in its objective market.

College Admission Expert

College Admission Expert April 18 Not everyone in the world is an expert on the college admissions process (photo credit: WestportWiki). Not everyone is a college admission expert. There are thousands of private college counseling companies. There are tens of thousands of folks who think theyre experts on how to get into highly selective colleges. It goes without saying that the vast majority of these private college counseling companies and the vast majority of these supposed experts just, well, arent. When a recent graduate of a highly selective university writes a book entitled The College Admissions Bible: Absolutely Everything You Need To Know About Applying To College, we cant help but giggle a little. We read through the authors bio and struggle to understand exactly what her expertise is. She went through the highly selective college admissions process and got into Penn? That makes her an expert? Not so much. We hire many former Ivy League admissions counselors. She isnt one of them. Where are her years spent working as a high school college counselor or in an admissions office of a highly selective university? Just because she got into a highly selective college doesnt mean she knows all the tips and secrets of getting into every highly selective college. Because every university is different. We know. Weve been doing this for many years. Now there are a couple of private college counseling companies other than ours that you wouldnt be wrong to use. We respect our competitors, although they are few. This young woman is not a competitor and to write a book on college admissions with no tangible expertise on the subject baffles us. We dont mean to be critical of her book. We acknowledge weve never read it. But nor should you because why listen to the tips of someone who has no expertise in the area? If you want to learn about economics, do you read a book on the subject by Chelsea Handler? Likely not. Not that this author is Chelsea Handler but you get the idea. Recent college grads from highly selective colleges are not all of a sudden experts on the highly selective college admissions process. Oh, and by the way, neither are their parents!

The Importance of Being a Competent Communicator Essay

Everything we do in our life involves communication because it is a way for a sender to send message to the receiver by verbal and non-verbal communication. However, in some parts of the world messages that are delivered sometimes are not received in a way it is supposed to. A way to solve this is by using competent communicator and intercultural communication because it makes it easier for people from other cultures to communicate in general. On the other hand, there are also some problems faced because different cultures have different ways to express their way of communication. By understanding these types of communication and by defining them may solve this dilemma. In addition to that, there are also types of communication to consider†¦show more content†¦3. EXAMPLES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION 3a. Universal gestures Universal gestures are used almost all over the world in order to communicate with people either from different culture or even in the same culture. It is another way of sending messages without using verbal codes. For example, when someone is shrugging it means they don’t know, when someone nods their head means they disagree and when they clap shows a sign of appreciation. Another example that is widely used by men is when they describe an attractive woman; they would describe them by outlining s female body. 3b. Eye contacts To be a good communicator they must have a good eye contact. With a positive eye contacts can bring a person’s interest or attention. It also helps us to be in control because with strong eye contact because our eyes shows a sign of emotion. However, when with weak eye contact maybe interpreted as a sign of not interested hence, bad communicator. 3c. Body language Using body language as a communicator can help send messages properly and our body can be used as a barrier to show that an individual is not interested. On the other hand, using body language as a way of communicating can also give positive feedback towards theShow MoreRelatedCommunication Competence Scale Assessment On Myself And Calculated My Total Score863 Words   |  4 Pagescommunication which has certain relational implications. Based on the scale, I do not perceive myself to be a very competent communicator. In fact, I only rated myself highly in a few of the questions that were a part of the calculations in step 2, the questions that would yield a â€Å"positive† result relating to communicating. However, I do believe that I am a competent communicator in a few areas such as business and social gatherings and also when meeting new people. I am one of those peopleRead MoreDear Sacramento Chinese Community Service Center,. I Have1409 Words   |  6 Pageswith a bad communicator, is it obvious that someone is not an effective communicator? There are two models of communication that are used, the linear model of communication and the transaction model of communication. When used effectively, individuals can communicate interpersonally in both face-to-face interactions and through mediated channels. There are basic principles of interpersonal communication that when understood can help an individual be an overall more effective communicator. AccordingRead MoreLeadership Competencies And Leadership Skills1477 Words   |  6 Pagesmust be able to clearly communicate your vision, goals, guidelines and expectations to others within an organization and externally. By effective communication managers can be supportive to the team and help in advancement of their career. Being a great communicator is a key element to become successful in any organization. Positive Attitude:- A manager with an eternally full of positive attitude ,commitment and confidence impacts positively on the team and forms the basis for a productive work environmentRead MoreThe Effects Of Tactile Communication On The Human Resource Manager ( Hrm )1250 Words   |  5 Pagesthe workplace. Tactile communication can help or hinder business and employee interactions. A firm handshake might be interpreted as confidence or credibility while other physical touches such as lingering touch on the shoulder, might be seen as being intimate (Anonymous, 2012). However, a pat on the shoulder or arm might help initiate interactions and show inclusion and respect. Proper knowledge of tactile differences among employees have important implications on how interactions unfold and relationshipsRead MoreVisual Exploration Of Video Games1260 Words   |  6 Pagesartifacts emphasized both individual responsibility and teamwork. 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Also, emotionally we can make the assumption by the denotative response of being questioned about her jobRead MoreThe Importance Of Competencies For The 21st Century981 Words   |  4 Pages21st Century Skills The importance of competencies for the 21st century has led to fundamental questions about to what extent we provide the necessary knowledge base for children and youth to be competent in contemporary and future societies (Voogt et al., 2013). It is obvious that not only learners, but also teachers need to acquire 21st century competencies as well as become competent in supporting 21st century learning. Teachers need to be prepared for new pedagogical approaches that fit theRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing947 Words   |  4 Pagesservices and improving better provider and patient communication. To be able to effectively communicate with my patients and instill in them the knowledge about their disease and better help them manage their symptoms is essential to being a good nurse educator and communicator. According to Dorthea Orem’s Self Care Model Theory, â€Å"describes a structure wherein the nurse assists the client, where needed, to maintain an adequate level of self-care.† (Sitzman Eichelberger, 2011) The nurse will interveneRead MoreNursing Theorist, Hildegard Peplau Knew That In Order To1533 Words   |  7 PagesNursing theorist, Hildegard Peplau knew that in order to care for patients, the nurse must establish a strong relationship with the patient. This is an essential element in being able to provide adequate planning, diagnosing, and the successful treatment of patients. Personally, my desire to learn more about Peplau’s theory is because it is a very significant quality to have as a nurse. Nursing is a very interpersonal career, and by forming trusting relationships with patients early in one’s nursingRead MoreCommunication Theories in Everyday Life1617 Words   |  7 Pagesthe behavior varies from the range of expected behaviors, and Violation importance, characterized as the impact that the behavior will have on the relationship. The level of interaction or communication that could happen between two individuals are dependent on these conditions. Thus, it must be established if a communication action will generate a positive or negative response in either one of the individuals/communicators. There is also a judgment that must be made in determining the positivity

Essay on Social Outcasts in John Stienbeck´s Of Mice and Men

In the novel, Of Mice and Men, Candy, Lennie, Crooks, and Curlys wife are all seen as four social outcasts as they each relate to a specific group in American Society. After reading Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck and looking at these characters you can see that they are all social outcasts in someway. In Of Mice and Men the character Candy is an old ranch worker. Candy has been working on otheres farms for years, while working on one of these farms he lost one of his hands in a farm accident. Candy was seen as a outcast to the other rach hands just like Lennie, Crooks and Curlys wife. The reasons they are seen as outcast is different and is what seperated them into different groups in American Society that they can relate to. Candy†¦show more content†¦Because of his mental disability he does things that further put him out of the â€Å"normal† group of ranch hands. Lennie has a good friend in George but he is portrayed as being lonley in the book anyway. He just w ants to be like every one else on the ranch. Lennie said, I thought you was mad at me, George. No, said George. No, Lennie, I aint mad. I never been mad, and I ain now. Thats a thing I want ya to know. (6.87-88) Lennies only friend is George so Lennie does his best to not make him mad and get locked out by George. In Of Mice and Men the character Crooks is a stable hand who works with the ranch horses. He is also the only black man on the ranch because of this he lives by himself. Crooks is seen as an outcast because of his skin color and because he has been injured and that has afected his ability to perform the duties expected of him. Because Crooks is black he is seen as having less worth than the white ranch hands, because of this he is excluded from the rest of the ranch hands and seen as an outcast. Because he was injured he and his ability to work was lessend he cant work as hard ans the other ranch hands. Crooks always seems like he is angry at every one when he is realy just lonely and wanting to be friends with the other ranch hands. Crooks, Lennie and Candy end up getting to know each other more and helping each others lonelyness. In Of Mice and Men the character Curlys wife is th e

Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection

Question: Discuss about the Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection. Answer: Introduction Incidences of fraud have been observed in the private companies and the government institutions in the past few years. Following the matter, many businesses are becoming more protective of their enterprises through engaging in investigations and analysis of their economic cycles with an aim of eliminating the chances for committing an economic fraud. The change in the curriculum is said to be as a result of the gat that exists between education and the skills needed in the market. Today, the services of forensic accounting are seen to be in high demand and many business operations and operators have acknowledged the importance of the profession. This research is mainly to focus on the forensic accounting skills that graduates will need to be able to fill in the forensic accounting sector and have a place in the accounting market. The research will be focusing mainly on answering the questions; How effective can forensic accounting be in the prevention of economic fraud? Can the use of external auditors be a tool in the detection and prevention of economic fraud? Referring to the conventional accounting tools, is forensic accounting better? Objectives The major objectives of the study would be to; Determine the application of forensic accounting in business organizations Defining the recommendations on the steps to developing the forensic accounting practice. Evaluate the roles of forensic accounting in the process of deterring fraud. Literature Review The highly increasing rates of complex businesses have been accompanied a rise in fraud cases that calls for investigations in the accounting departments of the affected companies. thus, forensic accounting Has been used frequently in such cases as a tool of fraud detection in the investigations. According to Maurice (1994), the globalization of many businesses saw the auditors shifting from the fraud detection to reporting financial statements. As such, there was a gap created between the auditors and the people using the financial statements reporting and were still considering the auditors as their defense against fraud (Imonian, Antunes Formigoni, 2013). Thornhill (1995) stated in his works that forensic accounting referred to the people using their financial skills in conjunction with their investigative experience to attend to the fraud issues within the rules that are inbound to the evidence. Further, he highlighted that the exercise included the financial experience on fraud cases and the understanding of the business and the insights on the legal system. Anwar and Uddin (2008) mentioned in their works that forensic accounting uses the understanding of the business information and the reporting systems and other tools in the department to gather perform their work. The researches indicate that there have never been fraud detection services in Australia in the past despite the fact that fraud incidences have been there since decades ago (Efiong, 2012). Today, the services of forensic accounting are seen to be in high demand and many business operations and operators have acknowledged the importance of the profession. As of today, many employees prefer employing accounting graduates with forensic accounting skills. In the field of accounting, the knowledge in forensic accounting has become an additional advantage as the job market today requires one to have ideas in forensic to be employed in the accounting departments (Othman et al., 2015). Conceptual Framework The introduction of forensic accounting in the modern accounting concepts has been seen to be associated with a lot of beneficial advantages. There are certain steps in the context that can allow the accounting personnel to deal with the financial crimes extensively. The figure below is a contextual framework that can be used in cases of the financial crimes and the accounting departments (Pedneault et al., 2012). Management of Data and Ethical responsibilities In the research, ethics is the main aspect that is held with a lot of weight. The researcher in the project will be obliged to protect the entire confidential communications that will be obtained from the participants (Sekaran Bougie, 2013). In the project, the research is to be conducted with a lot of care that will ensure no errors and made and that the conclusions met would have been drawn from the data analysis process without the influence of the researchers point of view. Also, all the sources of information that would have been used, including their authors are to be acknowledged in the entire paper (Rezaee Suen, 2016). Considering that today many graduates possess forensic accounting skills, which can be used in fraud detection, they are expected to be ethical in the services they offer. As much as they detect and eliminate fraud incidences, they are expected not to take advantage and involve in fraud and eliminate evidences. References Efiong, E. J. (2012). Forensic accounting education: An exploration of level of awareness in developing economies-Nigeria as a case study.International Journal of business and management,7(4), 26. Imoniana, J. O., Antunes, M. T. P., Formigoni, H. (2013). The forensic accounting and corporate fraud.JISTEM-Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management,10(1), 119-144 Othman, R., Aris, N. A., Mardziyah, A., Zainan, N., Amin, N. M. (2015). Fraud Detection and Prevention Methods in the Malaysian Public Sector: Accountants and Internal Auditors Perceptions.Procedia Economics and Finance,28, 59-67 Pedneault, S., Silverstone, H., Rudewicz, F., Sheetz, M. (2012).Forensic accounting and fraud investigation for non-experts. John Wiley Sons. Rezaee, Z., Lo, D., Ha, M., Suen, A. (2016). Forensic Accounting Education and Practice: Insights From China.Journal of Forensic Investigative Accounting,8(1). Sekaran, U. and Bougie, R. (2013).Research Methods for Business - A Skill Building Approach(6th ). Wiley.

Women in the Workforce free essay sample

Women in the workforce Introduction The entry and participation of women in the workforce have for long been restricted by the cultural and religious practices. Compared to men, the socio-economic status of women is poor leading to their economic dependency on men. But today, the situation has slightly changed; women are beginning to realize their contribution to the workforce. The realization has come with the struggle for recognition as the women are beginning to eye well-paying jobs in the workforce. However, the change is gradual because the gap replicates right from schooling where more men than women graduate from colleges and universities. Compared to men, women are much less in the workforce. They are still exposed to sex and race discrimination that influences their pay, hiring or promotions. Women’s median earnings are lower than men’s in nearly all occupations, whether they work in occupations predominantly done by women, occupations predominantly done by men or occupations with a more even mix of men and women (Hegewisch, Matite 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on Women in the Workforce or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For equality to be achieved then occupational segregation needs to be wiped out. Occupational segregation sets job limits in the workforce such that men will do jobs that are meant for men and women stick to jobs that are done by women. The most discriminating fact is that women earn less than men in all of the most common occupations for both women and men; they also earn less in broad occupations by race or ethnicity. Besides, the work done by men tends to fetch a lot more than the work that is done by women. Women’s social responsibility also affects their commitment and availability for work. It has become part of their life; for them to take long vacations to take care of the children, more so in the case of the newborns. Such absence from work may hinder any immediate promotions at place of work. This can explain why more men are in higher ranks than women. The market forces have for many years failed to eliminate discrimination in the workforce and that’s why inequality still exists is many companies. The current laws prohibiting discrimination are not being implemented strongly. The laws lack the requisite strength that can form a viable platform on which women can complain against discriminatory pay practices. For example, Equal Pay Act does not allow women to file class-action lawsuits, and it provides very insubstantial damages. The position of women in the workforce has for long been stereotyped. It has been believed that women do not have as much social responsibility as their counterparts. They therefore, even under the same level as men, should not ask pay equality since they are partly or entirely dependent on their husbands. Men are therefore placed at higher social rank than women. In addition, most of the jobs are male-dominated. There are therefore not many jobs available for women, and if there are, then women will mostly serve in the lower ranks. However, in some cases, there are women who take up the uppermost roles in a company. It is devastating that such women receive less support as they are viewed misplaced. The feminine nature of women generally sets some limit. In the workforce, other than the academic qualifications, some jobs may be quite involving that a woman may not perfectly fit. Jobs that involve longs hours of sitting, long hours of travel or jobs that are dangerous in nature may be much weightier than a female can bear. Sexual harassment at the place of work also tarnishes women’s integrity. Once a woman has established a relationship with one of her bosses, it will be very hard, at any given point in time, for that woman to get a higher position than the said sex partner. Due to such sex relationship, women remain at lower ranks because they cannot complain about their employer lest they lose their job or the relationship breaks. Research has shown that a rewarding work experience can reduce the stress associated with one of the multiple roles that women occupy: parenting (Barnett Marshall, 1991). The work experience can make women match the competition in the workforce. Moreover, once a person attains the requisite experience for a given job, the work will not become very strenuous as opposed to a person who lacks experience. This will enable women to multitask, and owing to their multiple responsibilities, they can be able to split time accordingly. It has also been shown that spousal support is most effective in helping women deal with the demands of multiple roles (Cohen Syme, 1985; Duxbury Higgins, 1991; Eckenrode Gore, 1990; Holahan Gilbert, 1979; Ross Murkowski, 1988). Women still struggle for equality at work place, the fight is still on. But it is likely to take long before the labour industry levels at an equal pay for men and women. Some case studies that the struggle may go up to 2057 for such equality to be achieved. Many proposals have been made but their effect is yet to be felt in the labour industry. For example, a draft proposal was brought forward in September 2012 that would see all women on maternity leave compensated. Businesses disagreed and were strongly opposed to it. Strategies and plans are still being laid down on how to tackle the gender parity at work place. Organizations such as Women Movements, Labour Unions and Human Right Commissions are still coming out strongly to push for fairness in the workforce. References Hegewisch A, Matite M. â€Å"The Gender Wage Gap by Occupation† Institute for women’s Policy research (April 2013). Accessed May 21 2013 from National Committee on pay equity. â€Å"Reasons for the Wage Gap†, 2013. Accessed May 21 2013 Freedman J. â€Å"The industrial age† Women in the workplace (2010): pp 13-17. Accessed May 21 2013. Boyle P. â€Å"Left unity now more urgent than before? † Green Left (2013) Jacobs P, Schain L. â€Å"The Continuing Struggle for Acceptance and Equality? † Journal of Academic and Business Ethics: (pp 98-101)

Natural Disasters in India with Special Reference Essay Example

Natural Disasters in India with Special Reference Essay Example Natural Disasters in India with Special Reference Paper Natural Disasters in India with Special Reference Paper Landslides are common in the Lower Himalayas. Parts of the Western Ghats also suffer from low-intensity landslides. Floods are the most common natural disaster in India. The heavy southwest monsoon rains cause the Paramount and other rivers to distend their banks, often flooding surrounding areas. Though they provide rice payday farmers with a largely dependable source of natural irrigation and fertilization, the floods can kill thousands and displace millions. Excess, erratic, or untimely monsoon rainfall may also wash away or otherwise ruin crops. Almost all of India is flood- prone, and extreme precipitation events, such as flash floods and torrential rains, have become increasingly common in central India over the past overall decades, coinciding with rising temperatures. Mean annual precipitation totals have remained steady due to the declining frequency of weather systems that generate moderate amounts of rain. A natural disaster might be caused by earthquakes, flooding, volcanic eruption, landslide, hurricanes etc. In order to be classified as a disaster it will have profound environmental effect and/or human loss and frequently incurs financial loss. This review elucidates the natural disasters of Tamil Nadia and its possible cause as well as the preventive/mitigation measures. Keywords: Natural starters, droughts, flash floods, cyclones, avalanches, landslides, hurricanes. Introduction At the global level, there has been considerable concern over natural disasters. Many natural disasters in India have caused havoc to the life and property of citizens and nature as a whole from time to time. Because of this, united Nations General Assembly, in 1989, declared the decade 1990-2000 as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction with the objective to reduce loss of lives and property and restrict socio-economic damage through concerted international action for appropriate management travesties, especially in the developing countries. These disasters include cyclones, floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, famines, drought, landslides etc. Amongst all the ones mentioned floods and earthquakes are the most common in India. India is no exception as it has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique gee-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena in India due to large population growth, and migration into urban areas (De et al. , 2005). Tamil Nadia has witnessed havoc caused by yeses and storm surge in the coastal regions, earthquakes, monsoon floods, landslides, and recently the Tsunami. Increase in urban population coupled with the construction of man-made structures often poorly built and maintained subject cities to greater levels of risk to life and property in the event Of earthquakes and other natural hazards. India is an area of 3,287,263 square kilometers and a coastline of 7516 km, with the last official census in 2001 showing a population 1. 028 billion people (NIB, 2009). Tamil Nadia covers an area of 130, 0582 SMS and has a coastline f about 1,076 SMS which is about 15% of the coastline of India (Bavarian et al. , 2011). More than 40% of the fisher population lives within 1 km of coast and 50% of them live within 2 km of the coast. The geographical setting of Tamil Nadia makes the state vulnerable to natural disasters such as cyclones (Mascaras and Kumara 2007) floods and earthquake-induced tsunami. About 8% of the state is affected by five to six cyclones every year, of which two to three are severe. Cyclonic activities on the east coast are more severe than on the west coast, and occur mainly be;en April-May and October- November (Supply and Aircraftman, 2009). Floods Floods are high stream flow that overflows the natural banks of the rivers and most of the times become calamitous. India is the most flood affected nation after Bangladesh. Out of total deaths by Floods in the world, (1/5) are from India. The main causes of floods are excessive rains in river catchments, poor natural drainage, Change of river course, Landslide restricting river flow, cyclone and very intense rainfall (Fig. 1). Over that past few years the rise in population is forcing large settlements along the river banks, making the country Thou Education and Research Trust (YEAR) Stephen, 201 2 J. Cad. Indus. Rest. Volvo. 1(2) July 2012 60 policies and measures for various preventions and disaster management activities are properly implemented. From the flood hazard map of India (Fig. 1), it is seen that no area in Tamil Nadia falls in the risk zone. But within a local body area, particularly with reference to an areas proximity to a major drainage system like rivers, canals, and also water bodies like lakes, and further with reference to contour levels/low-lying areas, flood prone area mapping has to be done. Tamil Nadia is also subjected to annual flooding including flash floods, cloudburst floods, monsoon floods of single and multiple events, cyclonic floods, and those due to dam bursts or failure. Every year, on average thousands of people are affected, a few hundred lives are lost, thousands are rendered homeless and several hectares of crops are damaged. Every year, Flooding in India affects Tamil Nadia and the other Indian states of Assam, Briar, West Bengal, Gujarat, Arioso, Utterance, and Maharajahs (Supply and Aircraftman, 2009). Floods are the most frequent and often the most devastating. The cause of flood is mainly the causalities of rainfall in North east monsoon period in the state. Out of the total annual rainfall in the state, 90% is concentrated over short monsoon season of three months. As a result, heavy discharges from the rivers during this period causing widespread floods in the delta regions. Floods occur mainly in the coastal districts basin that carries 100% of the state total river flows (Poniard, 2006). Cyclones Cyclone refers to a whirl in the atmosphere with very strong winds circulating around it in anti-clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Cyclones re intense low pressure areas with pressure increasing outwards. Cyclones can be hazardous as Cyclones are normally associated with strong winds. A storm surge is an abnormal rise of sea level near the coast caused by a Fig. 1. F-loot hazard map of India. Highly vulnerable to Floods. The most vulnerable states of India are Attar Pradesh, Briar, Assam, West Bengal, Gujarat, Arioso, Andorra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharajahs, Punjab and Jam and Kashmir. In 1994, a major flood killed 147 people in Kraal, 138 in Gujarat and marooned 10000 in Madhya Pradesh. In 1995, the states of Attar Pradesh, Harlan and Raunchy Pradesh were severely hit by flood causing huge casualties. In the year 1996, a fierce flood literally paralyzed India, Thousands of people died, got homeless, were marooned in the states of Restaurants, Andorra Pradesh, Jam and Kashmir also affecting many other parts Of the country. In short, nearly every year one or the other part of the country is severely hit by Hoods and creating a shameful history for India. It is high time that the @Youth Education and Research Trust (YEAR) J. Cad. Indus. Rest. Volvo. 1(2) July 2012 61 period (Fig. 2). The coast line starts from Publican along the east coast and extends up to Ruminatively in Sanitarium District and consists of Estuaries of ecological importance, Major and Minor ports, Fishing harbors, Monuments of international heritage, Tourist locations, Pilgrimage centers, etc. Earthquakes Earthquakes are powerful manifestations of sudden releases of strain energy accumulated within the crust and propagated as seismic waves. The need to understand and study the phenomenon of earthquake is for a simple reason, that it is the most disastrous natural calamity for mankind. The Himalayan Frontal arc in India is amongst the most seismically active regions of the world. Even the Peninsular Stretch is extremely susceptible to Earthquakes. The Run of Ketch Earthquake of 1918 is one of the largest interplant events in the world. The first Seismological observatory in India was established in the year 1 898 in the city of Calcutta. Over the years the department has been exponentially expanded by the Meteorological Department of India. Tamil Nadia is not as seismically active as states in the northern and western parts of the country, small to moderate earthquakes have occurred in the state of Tamil Nadia. The frequency of earthquakes is low I. E. The gap between moderate sized events is fairly long. Seismic activity in the recent past has occurred in clusters (Disgusts et al. , 2000) along the borders with Andorra Pradesh, Karakas and Kraal. Ever tropical cyclone; as a result, sea water inundates low lying areas of coastal regions drowning human beings and lives-stock, eroding beaches and embankments, destroying vegetation and reducing soil fertility. Fig. 2. TN: Hazard Map-earthquake, Floods and Cyclone (After Poniard, 2006). Apart from strong winds, cyclones can result in heavy rains causing floods. However, the most destructive factor associated with the cyclones is the storm surge. The worst and the oldest cyclone in India was in 1 737, in Calcutta that took 300000 lives respectively. For cyclone forecast and advance warning, the Government has strengthened the Meteorological Department, by providing Cyclone Surveillance Radars at Calcutta, Prepared, Visitation, Machinations, Madras and Karakul in the east coast and at Cochin, Goat Bombay and Bush in the west coast. As India has a vast coastline Several faults have been identified in this region out of it is extremely vulnerable to cyclone. In India, nearly 150 which many show evidence of movement (Disgusts et million people are prone to natural hazard in coastal l. , 2000) during the Holocene period. The east-west areas (Return, 1995; 1999). Bay of Bengal is one of the trending Caver Fault, Tranquiller- Butchery Fault five cyclone prone areas of the world. The coastal and Vagina River Fault and the north-south trending regions surrounding this bay are frequently affected by Coming-Point Acclaimer Fault and Rationalizations from the sea as well as from the rivers due to Deviant Fault are some of them and run close to tropical cyclones and related storm surges and heavy major urban centers like Combaters, Madeira, rainfall. In Tamil Nadia during he years 1 990 to 1 995, Imagination, Thankful and Butchery. ND 2006 the damages caused Fig. 3. Seismic hazard map of TN (After Amateur Seismic Centre, 2012). To property were worth 5800 million rupees (US$ 170 M) and the loss of human lives were more than 500 (Rammers, 2007). Tamil Nadia lies in the southern part of Indian peninsula and has a long east coast. The east coast is more vulnerable to cyclones and floods. Tamil Nadia has a very long coastline Of about smoke with 591 coastal villages, which is exposed to tropical cyclone arising in the Bay of Bengal and has seasonal character to Tamil Nadia. In 2005, 9 cyclonic storms crossed Tamil Nadia and Andorra coast in a three month 62 the influence of gravity (Noncom et al. , 1972; Barnes, 1978; Hutchinson, 1988; WAP/WILL, 1990; Cruder, 1991; Cruder and Barnes, 1996). In the hilly areas of India, the sliding of huge masses of land has been a common natural disaster causing havoc to life and property. One of the worst and most disastrous landslides has been recorded in the year 1998 in the state of Outranked, when nearly 380 people were killed. As a measure of concern many committees and other measures have been taken to protect from this natural havoc in India. In India, the regions of Himalayas and the Western Ghats are the most vulnerable to these land-slides. Fig. 4. Block diagram of a landslide (Barnes, 1974). However, it must be stated that proximity to faults does not necessarily translate into a higher hazard as compared to areas located further away, as damage from earthquakes depends on numerous factors such as subsurface geology as well as adherence to the building codes. The seismic hazard map of India was updated in 2000 by the Bureau of Indian Standards (IBIS). According to the new map more areas of Tamil Nadia are susceptible to damage from earthquakes than previously thought (Fig. ). The city of Achaean, formerly in Zone II now lies in Zone Ill. Districts in the western part of the state, that lie along the border with Kraal also lie in Zone Ill, along with districts along the border of Andorra Pradesh and a section of the border with Karakas. The maximum intensity expected in these areas would be around MASK VII. The rest of the state lies in Zone II. Since the earthquake database in India is still incomplete, especially with regards to earthquakes prior to the historical period (before 1800 A. D. ), these zones offer a rough guide of the earthquake hazard in any particular region and need to be regularly updated Praiseworthy and Rejuvenated, 201 1 According to GAPS data, the state of Tamil Nadia falls mostly in a region of low seismic hazard with the exception of western border areas that lie in a low to moderate hazard zone. Butchery lies in a low hazard region. As per the 2002 Bureau of Indian Standards (IBIS) map, Tamil Nadia and Butchery fall in Zones II and Ill. Historically, parts of this region have experienced seismic activity in the MM. O range. Tamil Nadia is also prone to very severe damaging earthquakes. Its people feel much more vulnerable to earthquake-induced tsunamis since the 004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which affected the coast of Tamil Nadia destroying much of the marine biology and severely damaging the ecosystem (Government of Tamil Nadia, 2008). Crops, settlements, trees, birds, fishes, wildlife, and properties were destroyed. Precious coral reefs and mangrove areas were crushed by the huge tsunami waves that devastated South India, an environmental and economic setback that could take years to reverse. Power and communications were totally disrupted. The damage to humans, especially women and children, and animal life, was tremendous, resulting in emotional and mental trauma (Kumar et al. 2007). Largest Instrumented Earthquake occurred in Tamil Nadia and Butchery on the 26 September 2001(11. 984 N, 80. 25 E, D=OHIO. O SMS, UTC). A moderate earthquake occurred in the Bay of Bengal, off the coast of the union territory of Butchery, on 25 September 2001 at 20:26 PM local time resulting in three deaths and minor damage to property in Butchery and coastal Tamil Nadia. It had a magnitude of Mm=S. 5. Landslides Landslides are mass movement of rocks and debris that usually follow a cyclone, volcano or earthquake under The main causes of landslides are weak, weathered materials, physical repertory variation, Ground uplift, erosion, Earthquake, Volcanic eruptions etc. The general and simple mitigation that are adopted or should be adopted are drainage correction, proper land-utilization, reforestation and spreading Of awareness. Landslides have represented 4. 89% of the total natural disasters that occurred worldwide during the years 1 990 2005 (www. Me-data. Net). Landslide is one of the major natural hazards that are commonly experienced in hilly terrains all over the world. Landslides are affect at least 15 per cent of the land area of India-?an area which exceeds 2 0. 49 million km . In India the incidence of landslides in Himalayas and other hill ranges is an annual and recurring phenomenon. There is a variation in the degree of landslide incidences in various hill ranges (Table 1). Table 1. Incidences of landslides in India. Region Incidences of landslides Himalayas High to very high North eastern Hills High Western Ghats and the Inklings Moderate to high Eastern Ghats and Evangelically Low For example, the landslide incidences are high to very high in Himalayas, high in Northeastern hill ranges, high to moderate in Western Ghats and Inklings and low in the hill ranges of Eastern Ghats and Vanishes. The landslide hazard conation atlas of India published by Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council (EMPTY), Government of India reveals that the Inklings district of Tamil Nadia state is one of the severe to very high landslide hazard prone areas Of India. 63 rain at OConnor resulting in washing away of one woman and 2 Children. The rainfall recorded at OConnor and Kodak was 145. 2 mm and 142. 2 mm respectively. On the 19 there was heavy landslide of 1 00 yards in width and about 1. 00 km in length in Sells of Kettle Village of OConnor Talk resulting In filling up of a Valley of 30- 50. The heaviest rainfall of the day was 187. 6 mm at OConnor. On 20. 1 1. 1979 also, there was heavy rain of 102. 2 mm at OConnor and a heavy landslide at Sells in which a house was completely buried in the debris along with 2 women and 3 children. The rainfall recorded on that day at Agitator, Kodak and Kandahar was 90. 4 mm, 99. 8 mm and 78. 0 mm respectively. There was heavy SST rainfall of 71. 0 mm at Devalue on 21 . On 28. 11. 79 also there was heavy rain of 144. 2 mm at OConnor. the 25 October 1990: The North East Monsoon was heavy and there was a cloud burst. More than 35 families were buried alive in a place called Gadded. November 1993: There was another cloud burst on 11 11-1993 in the upper reach of Marmalade of OConnor Talk, about 18 huts situated below the road and washing away OConnor MET Ghats Road for about la km. The Road traffic was suspended for more than a fort night. 12 persons lost their live and 15 persons missing. It is laid that 21 passengers were washed away with two buses. An important highway, sheared stretched of rail road for about 300 m. H 1 1 December 1 998: Due to continuous rain fall, one big boulder weighing about 20 m tones fell on the OConnor Metallurgy main road and the road as closed for traffic, the rock was blasted and earth slips were removed and traffic was resumed from 14. 12. 98. December 2001: Due to continuous rainfall, two massive landslides occurred near puddle on the Counterrevolutionary high way damaging Non bridges resulting in the complete closure of traffic. In addition a closer damage was al so caused to the railway track between OConnor and Metallurgy. Bridge no 55 near hill grove railway station was completely damaged and Bridge No 56 was also damaged. November 2006: Consequent upon continuous heavy rains in the Inkling Hills, numerous landslides were reported to have occurred at the early ours on 14. 11. 2006 killing one and injuring three persons and disrupting traffic in NH 67 and blocking of Mountain Rail track between Metallurgy and OConnor (inklings. Nice. In; Sympathy et al. , 2010). Drought Drought is a temporary aberration unlike aridity, which is a permanent feature of climate. It is a normal, recurrent feature of climate and occurs in all climatic regimes and is usually characterized in terms of its spatial extension, intensity and duration. Conditions of drought appear when the rainfall is deficient in relation to the statistical multi-year average for a region, over an extended erred of a season or year, or even more (Manual for drought management, 2009). There are three types of droughts; Meteorological drought is when the actual rainfall is much less than the climatologically mean of the area. Unprecedented rains triggered about a hundred landslides within an area of 250 sq. SMS in the district during 1978. Nearly 200 landslides were recorded during 1979 and causing loss of life and severe damage to property. Though the Inkling and other mountainous areas are known to be susceptible to landslides, occurrences of such magnitude were unknown earlier. A total of 8 landslides of medium to large size occurred on 14 November, 2006 along NH between Cellar and Pudenda villages and along Mountain Railway track between Dearly and Barbital stations. In the recent times casualties and damage due to landslides have increased in the Inkling Hills. More than 110 landslides were reported within five days from 10 to 15 November, 2009, and taken away about 80 human lives, also the vast damage reported on houses, roads and railway lines. This taught the lesson for the need and urgency of landslide planning in Inklings among the scientific community and planners (Sympathy et al. 2010). Some of the major landslides of Inklings rd 23 October 1865: Worst Storm on record occurred around Toy and OConnor. OConnor Railway station was covered with water up to 5 feet deep. In Toy Lake rose up to top Of willow bound and threatened to breach it. November 1891: Storm caused many landslips on the OConnor Ghats, and did great damage to the Agitator Metaphysical road. December 1 902: Twenty one inches of rain (three times the average amount) fell in that month in OConnor, and at Agitator 24 inches (six times the average amount) was received, of which 8. 45 inches fell in a single night. The OConnor railway was blocked for a month the old and new OConnor railway was blocked for a month the old and new OConnor Ghats roads for nearly as long and all the traffic of the eastern side of the plateau was thrown upon the Agitator Ghats, which was itself in a perilous condition slips having occurred throughout and being serious in six places out of its twenty one miles length. the 4 October 1905: 6. 8 inches of rain fell at OConnor in three hours and the OConnor river and its effluents came down in heavy and sudden floods, the former sweeping right over the parapet of the bridge near the realization. The families of the station staff had to be rescued by breaking open the back windows of their quarters with crowbars. the 5 November 1978: mm of rain was recorded at Toy of which 243 MM was during the night between 5. 00 pm the of 4 and 8. 00 am of 5th. Many people were killed in Toy on account of houses collapses, landslides and drowning. Reports were also received regarding the causalities due to landslides and floods in Kohlrabies; Mitochondria; Dossal and Galatia areas of Dogmatically Talk and Manhattan of OConnor Talk. the November 1979: Heavy rainfall started from 12 November 1 979 and the highest rain fall as 114. Mm at the Kodak. On 13 it was 149. 4 mm at OConnor and 169. 9 the mm at Kodak. On the 15 night heavy landslide had the occurred at Duodecimal, on 16 night there was heavy 64 Fig. 5. Map of drought prone districts of India (Drought prone areas are in red). The country as a whole may have a normal monsoon, but different meteorological districts and sub-divisions can have below normal rainfall. The rainfall categories for smaller areas are defined by their deviation from a meteorological areas normal rainfall (Table 2). Table 2. Rainfall categories. Category Excess Normal Deficient Scanty Deviation 20% or more above aroma 19% above normal-19% below normal 20% below normal-59% below normal 60% or more below normal Meteorological history of droughts in India During 1871-2002, there were 22 major drought years, defined as years with All India Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ASSAM) less than one standard deviation below the mean (I. E. Anomaly below-10%): 1873, 1877, 1899, 1901, 1904, 1905, 1911 , 1918, 1920, 1941, 195 1, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1972, 1974, 1979, 1982, 1985, 1986, 1987, 2002. The frequency of drought has varied over the decades. From 1899 to 1920, there were 7 drought years. The incidence of drought came down teens 1941 and 1 965 when the country witnessed just three drought years. Again, during 1965-87, of the 21 years, 10 were drought years and the increased free ounce was attributed to the El Nine Southern Oscillation (ONES). Among the drought years, the 1 987 drought was one of the worst droughts of the century, with an overall rainfall deficiency of 19%. It affected 59-60% of the crop area and a population of 285 million. In 2002 too, the overall rainfall deficiency for the country as a whole was 19%. Over 300 million people spread over 18 States were affected by drought in varying degrees. Around 150 million cattle were affected due to lack of fodder and water. Food grains production registered the steepest fall of 29 million tones. No other drought in the past had caused reduction in food grain production to this extent (Samara, 2004). Hydrological drought results from the depletion of surface water causing very low stream flow and drying of lakes, rivers and reservoirs and Agricultural drought resulting from depletion of soil moisture resulting in acute crop stress and fall in agricultural productivity. India has been severely affected by droughts over the past years claiming millions of lives. The agriculture in India is totally dependent on rains, which when is not adequate results in poor yielding of crops. This is particularly true of major drought-prone regions such as southern and eastern Maharajahs, northern Karakas, Andorra Pradesh, Arioso, Gujarat, and Restaurants (Fig. 5). In India there is also a history of droughts leading to famines. During the major drought of 2000-2001, a total of eight states had fallen short of crops. Government policies and preventions play the most significant role in coping up with these environmental disasters. Drought is a normal, recurrent feature of climate.

Breakfast Roll Call

6:30 A.M. My peaceful sleep and surreal dreams are shattered by the boom of a howitzer cannon. The resounding thunder of the cannon rolls across Lake Maxinkuckee without hesitation. The Culver day has begun. A naA?ve callboy rushes to make reveille call: â€Å"Notice, sirs! Notice, sirs! Bravo Company sirs, notice! Reveille has sounded. Uniform of the day, Duty A, sirs!† I aimlessly shuffle my hands along the window ledge for my glasses; it doesn’t help being awake before sunrise. I lie in bed for a moment, half asleep, pondering the decision I made to become a Culver cadet. I guess I missed the brochure advertising reveille at 6:30. My feet slap down on the cold tile. I open my door to the hallway’s bright lights. The fortunate few who possess the talent to sleep through the cannon remain in their beds until I act as the cannon’s back up. Shuffling along the hallway, I fulfill my position as hall officer. The battered, half-broken broomstick I use every morning doesn’t miss a door—smack, wack. â€Å"Let’s go, get up!† But my words travel across the barren hallway without acknowledgment. On the way back to my room, I give an extra hard wake-up-call to any cadets still sleeping, this time using my fist and the broomstick—bang, wham. From inside the rooms, a common complaint escapes, â€Å"Ok, I’m up! Go away.† It’s too early for leadership. Once in my room, I take my clothes off, grab my towel, and retreat to the warmth of the showers. I turn on the closest knob. Cold water sprays out of the head at first. I jump and back away quickly, every time, I never remember. The callboy’s voice reaches the shower. â€Å"Notice, sirs! Notice, sirs! Bravo Company sirs, notice! First call to BRC, uniform for BRC, duty A, sirs!† My supply of warm water ends a bruptly and I abandon the lighthearted atmosphere of the shower room. In my room I put on my wool duty-pants and tight-fitting duty-A shirt. Formation in the company streets is dark and dreary. Unit Commanders shout commands. â€Å"Form up! Let’s go! Left face, right face.† First sergeants bark out names, â€Å"Carey . . . Here! Hamm . . . Here! Darnell . . . Darnell! Here!† A hundred and fifty drowsy infantry cadets march to the dining hall with the beat of a drum guiding them. Once we’re inside, food lines are long. Glasses slip from lethargic hands— Clink, clink, crshhh. I direct the new cadets to a table and remind them: Personal Inspection is at 7:20 a.m.

Strategies for assessing skills and competencies Essay

Strategies for assessing skills and competencies - Essay Example The main difference between the retail sales and B2B sales is in terms of the volume. B2B deals in large volumes of sales order and therefore, becomes important ingredient of sales strategy. Hence, while the basic competency and skills of the present sales staff is adequate, the new group from within the sales team would need to undergo 4 months training and development program. They would also be required to explore B2B market for 1 month to evaluate their requirements and how the company can meet them. The in-house training by the external consultants and senior management staff would on the following modules would greatly enhance existing skills and provide them with wide scope of expanding their knowledge area: B2B market is focused on bulk orders therefore sales executives must be skilled in knowing what the investment parameters are going to be so that the objections arising due to money, time and resources are already made clear before making their sales presentations. The training module would prepare the sales team to evaluate these parameters for its different business partners. The encouraging and incentive driven work environment promotes retention of employees and gives the organization better leverage to compete with their rivals. The experienced and motivated workforce is conducive to higher degree of creative inputs and innovative approach. Commitment to work and loyalty towards employers is considerably increased when the employees are given opportunity to improve and improvise their professional skills and competencies through in-house training and development. Zapata-Cantu et al. have also asserted that professional growth and self improvement, through human resource development practices, greatly enhance organization’s advantage (Zapata-Cantu et al., 2007). In the highly competitive environment of recessive economy, upgrading the skills of the existing sales executives would be the best option. Indeed, HR’s

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW - Term Paper Example Prior to the HR Act 1998, any individual seeking to challenge the government on breach of rights as provided by the Convention, usually sought refuge at the European Court of Human Rights at Strasbourg, after proving that there was no remedy in the courts in the United Kingdom. From the perspective of individuals, the HR Act 1998 has implications at the workplace, in the development of legislation, ministerial decisions and use of government policy regarding prosecutions or the enforcement of law (Home Office, 2000). Implications of HR Act 1998 The HR Act 1998 came into force in 2000. From the time it came into force it strengthens and gives effect to the rights and freedoms that are available to all citizens through the ECHR. The HR Act 1998 on its own has not created any new statutory or common law rights, but it places the onus of responsibility on public authorities like government departments, local authorities, borough councils, health authorities and the law enforcement agenci es to take actions in such a way that it is compatible to the rights provided to individuals by ECHR. Furthermore, the HR Act 1998 also makes courts and tribunals duty bound to take into consideration any relevant judgment, decision, declaration or advisory opinion of the European Court of Human Rights into consideration when settling disputes over ECHR conferred rights in the United Kingdom. In such an exercise, it is also necessary for the courts to take into consideration any opinion or decision of the European Commission for Human Rights and the decision of the Committee of Ministers under Article 46 on the jurisdiction of the European Commission for Human Rights. In addition, the reading of primary and subordinate legislation in the United Kingdom must be read in such a way as not to reduce their validity, continuing operation and validity and given effect in a compatible manner to the ECHR (Chandler, 2003). An important distinction has to be borne in mind in that the HR Act of 1998 has only vertical direct effect. This means that only civil servants and public sector undertaking employees can sue their employees, which include government departments, local authorities, borough councils, the police and other public or quasi-public authorities for damages for any believed breaches of their rights guaranteed under ECHR. This avenue is not available for private sector employees. Workers in the private sector having grievances with regard to breach of one or more of their statutory or contractual rights may pray on the basis of a particular right as provide by the ECHR, but cannot bring proceedings against employers solely on the basis of the alleged breach of this right provided by ECHR. However, the can expect the courts in the United Kingdom to interpret the law in a way that foes no harm to their rights guaranteed trough ECHR (Chandler, 2003). Thus full implications of the HR Act 1998 to a certain degree will depend on the manner in which interpretation o f primary and subordinate legislation in the United Kingdom is read against alleged breaches of human rights as guaranteed by the ECHR. Criticism of the HR Act 1998 lies in this aspect, for it is not clearly worded and the English judiciary has been used to examining words in detail, but will now have to examine and interpret on the basis of purpose and intent and also take into consid

Analyzing Eyre and Copperfield Essay -- Literary Analysis

In the novels Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte and David Copperfield by Charles Dickens, the protagonists are retrospectively looking back on their lives and illustrating tribulations they endured regarding familial, social, and romantic relationships. At the end of both novels, the central characters find harmony in idealistic partners. Ultimately, both novels demonstrate the necessity of eminent relationships, the impingement of negative relationships, and the experiences that led both protagonists to recognize the difference between which relationships were hindering and which were constructive. The Bildungsroman genre entails a character’s formative years and his or her development from childhood. The characters from this type of novel recall, in detail, past relationships and experiences that impacted the characters growth, maturity, and exemplar for their relationships with other characters. An important component to Bildungsroman novels is the concentration on the characters childhood (Gottfried & Miles, 122). In Jane Eyre and David Copperfield, both characters childhoods were despondent. Both characters experience the loss of a parent: Jane is a literal orphan; David’s loss is metaphorical, then literal. When Jane Eyre begins, Jane has already lost both parents and is under the guardianship of her aunt, Sarah Reed. Reed and her children, Jane’s cousins, are abusive to Jane and never accept Jane as family. Jane has lost both parents and with the death of her uncle, Sarah’s husband and an advocate for Jane, Jane is without any caring re lationship. In addition to being without affection, Jane must endure torment. It is this lack of adoration that leads Jane to seek acceptance throughout her life, while attempting t... ...ight is present as the main character retells their life story, but is capable of exhibiting the naivety and inexperience that the character possessed at specific stations throughout their life. Works Cited The Undisciplined Heart of David Copperfield Gwendolyn B. Needham Nineteenth-Century Fiction , Vol. 9, No. 2 (Sep., 1954), pp. 81-107 Published by: University of California Press Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3044322 Defining Bildungsroman as a Genre Marianne Hirsch Gottfried and David H. Miles PMLA , Vol. 91, No. 1 (Jan., 1976), pp. 122-123 Published by: Modern Language Association Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/461404 Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Charleston: Forgotten Books, 2008. Print. Burstyn, Joan. Victorian Education and the Ideal of Womanhood. Hatfield, UK: Routledge, 1980. 138-40. Print.

Machievelli Biography Essay

Machiavelli lived during the Renaissance era of the Medieval times. In this time period many concepts and ideas were being reborn, including the Christian faith. He lived during a time period in which the people of the time thought of the Black Plague as a symptom of judgment upon the sinfulness of the land. These same people began to scourge themselves in order to express their sorrow and therefore remove God’s judgment laid upon them. Although Machiavelli lived long after the fall of the Roman Empire, he lived in an Italy that had evolved into a war-torn battleground between the city state dynasties. There were conflicts between the French and Spanish for the control of land. Machiavelli lived in a time of growing political powers and a Christian community that was adapting and changing according to the claims of the Reformers. Machiavelli had a goal: he sought to create a dichotomy between ethical Christianity and the Ethical demands of political rule. The 15th and 16th century world focused on theologically reforming the Church. Many reformers of the time and before Machiavelli’s life, including the 14th century reformer John Wycliffe, wrote on how the papacy of the Church had grown far too powerful. During Machiavelli’s life St. Francis was teaching the commoners about Jesus, and the commoners began relating to Christ. The Church was not only effected by the reformers and the teachings of St. Francis, but it was also effected by itself; it was hurting itself. The church fought against the reformers, condemning them as heretics; the church was threatened by the words of reform. Machiavelli lived among the Christians and like many of the reformers he was seeking a reform between the Church and the State. Essentially, Machiavelli writes to prove that being a moral ruler and a person are two separate ideas, in the case of extreme circumstances and, like Luther, there are two kingdoms independent of each other. Machiavelli probably would’ve been considered a think tank of his time and he believed that a ruler, or anyone may publicly state that they are Christians yet exhibit no real conviction. In the eleventh chapter of The Prince Machiavelli argued that Ecclesiastical principalities were to be desired because the people who inhabited them were governed by their own religious laws. Machiavelli viewed these laws as tools, tools to prevent unruly citizens within the principalities rather than to enforce outside rules. Machiavelli idealizes an idea completely different from the church, that politics is something that deals with facts and not abstracts, that it is a challenge to the notion of both Pope Gregory VII and Pope Innocent III’s â€Å"Divine Right to rule.†3 Machiavelli realized that the divine right to rule theory is nothing but a religious idea that does not work with the present state of man. Machiavelli also understood that human corruption and sin is an unend ing problem that rulers need to deal with. Machiavelli continues by suggesting that being a moral leader does not mean that one is a good leader as good leadership leads to order, stability, and public good. He claimed that when order, stability, and public good are threatened a ruler cannot risk limiting their actions by piety or virtue. Machiavelli believed that morals stood in the way of success, that rulers need to learn how to not be good, and be willing to kill. While the religious leaders saw Machiavelli as non-Christian and destructive, Machiavelli states that leaders need to administer necessary evils in efforts to maintain order and stability within their rule, that humans can be predicted through reason. The Church saw his political agenda as lacking in Christian ethics; however, his political reform lines up with Christian thinkers and with Christian ethics of generosity, compassion, and even the golden rule as we see in Saint Augustine’s and St. Benedict’s writings. An initial consideration of Machiavelli’s thoughts on generosity, we notice that he believes it is good to be considered a generous person, but that it is dangerous to do so. Although sounding contradictory to Christianity, Machiavelli’s reasoning lies in the Christian idea of doing the most good for as many people as possible. Machiavelli argues that being generous requires that the ruler imposes new ways of revenue collection and therefore make his subjects hate him and lead to a guarantee that no one will think well of him.1 Machiavelli makes a similar case for compassion, in that it is better to be seen as cruel then it is to be viewed as loving, if necessary. He asserts that as the head of an army a ruler needs to â€Å"be prepared to be thought cruel.† The same Christian idea can be used to explain his argument as before. In the words of Star Trek’s Spock, â€Å"the needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few†. Machiavelli states that its more compassionate to impose harshness on a few rather than make use of compassion and risk chaos to take place.2 If we look back to St. Augustine’s The City of God 4 we learn that rulers and people are dominated by their own selfish lust for power, whereas in the City of God, which Luther also makes notions of in his Doctrine of The Two Kingdoms, people serve one another in charity. Under this assumption we see that men do not serve out of charity, but rather serve in a situation of ‘do unto others as you would have done to yourself.’ Perhaps Machiavelli agreed with this view of Christianity. Machiavelli’s ruler never commits an act that they would not have done to themselves. I think the Machiavellian ruler loves their neighbor as much as themselves. Machiavelli sees the political field as a place for necessary evil. He believes, out of love, that some evil must take place in order to benefit the most people. Machiavelli saw the world he lived in as a two kingdom place, like Luther and St. Augustine did. He viewed human history for what it was, not what it could be; he saw people as evil and sick. Machiavelli’s picture of human history took into account the human equation, that we are sinful and therefore predictable, which he believes will lead to a better understanding of the future.

The Problem Of Adolescent Drug Abuse - 1822 Words

Adolescent drug abuse is a prevalent issue in today’s society. Adolescence is arguably the most challenging time of a person’s life. During these years, young people are on a quest to establish their own identities and it is within this period, social factors can either be positive or detrimental. Drug abuse amongst teens has triggered perpetual debates in the UK and globally. According to Liberal Democrat Minister Norman Baker ‘there is no obvious relationship between tough laws and the levels of drug use’ (BBC 2014). The following essay will examine the factors involved in young people’s involvement in drug misuse. The essay will pay particular attention to adolescents aged between 11 and 19 and discuss both micro and macro levels of risk factors. I will give focus to three factors that are arguably of equal importance namely, peer pressure; poverty and family issues. Drugs misuse is when someone becomes dependent on a substance as it releases chemicals throughout the body, some people find this difficult as it controls their body and mind. There are several different drugs on the market and they all have different prices and effects on the mind. The UK have a class system in place where drugs are put into three categories; Class A, Class B and Class C. All drugs in all classes can have a detrimental effect on ones health however, those listed as Class A are the most harmful. Many young people are curious and want to experiment, for some drugs allow the person toShow MoreRelatedAdolescent Drug Abuse And Alcohol1426 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol and Drug Abuse Adolescent Drug Abuse and Alcohol Nyria Madison Liberty University Coun 620 Abstract Around the world we are finding that most adolescent are experiencing drugs and alcohol. This has been a huge issue for years. This has become a trend in society as of today. This paper will discuss the perspective of adolescent alcohol and drugs. This paper will also identify and inform you on the common predictors of adolescent substanceRead MoreEssay on Adolescent Substance Abuse1656 Words   |  7 PagesHeader: Substance Abuse Adolescent Substance Abuse Dana Sweitzer Liberty University Abstract Adolescent substance abuse is a major problem in society. There are many risk factors that can contribute to adolescent substance abuse. One of the main risk factors is peer pressure. When adolescents start at a young age there is an increase in health problems, addiction, and over all poor social outcomes. Parental influence has substantial effect on adolescents because the adolescent sees their parentsRead MoreRisk Factors For Adolescent Drug Abuse1462 Words   |  6 Pages Body: Risk Factors for Adolescent Drug Abuse There are an abundance of risk factors that can relate to the contribution of drug abuse in adolescents. 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This is a relevant topic to the advanced nurse practitioner because of the effects drugs have on human life. Drug abuse is associated with cardiac failure, mental problems, pulmonary and infectiousRead MoreDrug Treatment For Adolescents And Adolescents1732 Words   |  7 PagesDRUG TREATMENT FOR ADOLESCENTS 2 ABSTRACT Youths in the United States are using drugs more than ever and even at a younger age than the past. Reaching out to these younger addicts can be complicated. There are several ways to approach substance abuse treatment for youths. School counselors and parentsRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Adolescent Substance Abuse1469 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent substance abuse is one of the largest issues faced by our society today. According to Teenrehab.com, nearly 50% of all high school seniors have abused some form of illicit substance and according to National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism nearly 70% of 18 year olds have at the least tried alcohol. Many more adolescents are trying, and getting addicted to, drugs every year. In my opinion this is one of the most critical issues that we have to address as a society. Summary Response:Read MoreThe Effects Of Drug Addiction On Children1506 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction When an individual is struggling with drug addiction problems, the family is affected physically, mentally, and emotionally. The disease not only changes the addict’s whole life, but it changes the lives of their family members as parents get torn apart from themselves and each other. The role of each family member begins to shape around what is in the best interest of the addict. This research paper is an overview of the effects that raising a drug addicted child has on parent’s ability toRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse : Drug And Free World1508 Words   |  7 Pagesaged 12 to 17 abuse a prescription pain reliever for the first time (â€Å"Prescription Drug Abuse Statistics – Overdoes Deaths – Drug-Free World,†n.d.) A 2007 survey in the United States found that 3.3% of 12 to 17 years olds and 6% of 17 to 25 year olds had abused prescription drugs in the past month (â€Å"Prescription Drug Abuse Statistics – Overdoes Deaths – Drug-Free World,†n.d.) Prescription drug abuse causes the largest percentage of deaths from drug overdoses (â€Å"Prescription Drug Abuse Statistics